考研英语满分句型天天练【倒装句】

倒装句

今天来继续学习写作满分句型——倒装句。也是写作中非常重要的句型哟！

什么是倒装呢？山东同学可能会更熟悉一些是不是。

 

英语句子的排列顺序，通常是主语在前，谓语在后。倒装语序则是谓语在前，主语在后。

陈述句一般都是自然语序，一般疑问句都是倒装语序。

 

例如：

He speaks English.（陈述句，自然语序）

Does he speak English?（疑问句，倒装语序）

 

倒装其实也是一种修辞，把要着重强调部分放在句首，能引人注目，句式变换，使句子生动活泼，在写作中也很好用。

 

倒装又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。

 

完全倒装：

完全倒装又称“全部倒装”，是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。

 

1）由here , there , now , then ... 引导的句子，要完全倒装。（主语如是代词则不倒装）

 

There goes the bell for break.

下课铃响了。

Here you are.

给你。（代词作主语，不倒装）

 

2）句首是拟声词、直接引语或 away , down ,out, in, up等副词，句子要完全倒装。（主语如是代词则不倒装）

 

Up went the arrow into the air.

箭直射向空中。

Behind the counter he stood.

他站在柜台后面。（代词作主语, 不倒装）

    

3）介词短语作地点状语在句首，句子要完全倒装。

In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.

在英国一所大学的演讲厅里坐着一位教授。

 

4）当形容词、过去分词、介词短语做表语位于句首时，要完全倒装。

Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.

出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授等多位嘉宾。

 

Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.

他们对中国人民为所欲为的日子已经一去不复返了。

 

5）such 置于句首时, 需用完全倒装。

Such were his words.( = Such was what he said.)

这就是他说的话。

6）So do ( am ) I . 或Nor ( Neither) do (am )  I.　其主句与前一句的主语不是一人。

 

A: He used to have his further study abroad; 

B: So did I.(neither/nor did I.)

A:他曾去国外深造过。

B:我也去过。（我也没有。）

部分倒装：

指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前，而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。

部分倒装我们在写作中用得比较多。

1. 否定词置于句首

我们第二天学的Not only...but also...句型就可以用来做成部分倒装句（前倒后不倒）。该倒装可以在第二段分析原因的时候或者是第三段首句总结的时候使用。

例：孝敬父母不仅是中国传统文化也是子女的义务。

Respecting parents not only keeps a traditional Chinese virtue but also proves the duty of their offspring.

⬇倒装

Not only置于句首+助动词does+主语+谓语（原型）+其他（和原句一样）

⬇

Not only does respecting parents keep a traditional Chinese virtue but also proves the duty of their offspring.

 

其他否定词：

hardly, in no way, little, scarcely, seldom, never, no more, no longer, not, no sooner, not until…及表否定意义的介词短语 at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时，句子部分倒装。

 

Never before have I seen such a moving film. = I have never seen such a moving film before.

以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。

Seldom do I go to work by bus.=I seldom go to work by bus.

我很少乘公共汽车上班。

 

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.=The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

孩子睡着了，妈妈才离开房间。

（Not until引出的主从复合句中，主句倒装，从句不倒装。即：后倒前不倒。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。）

...

必背：

刚……就……

Hardly had he started to leave when it began to rain.

他刚要离开，天就下起了雨。

Scarcely had he sat down when his mobile phone rang.

他刚坐下，手机就响了。

No sooner had he handed in his paper than he realized his mistakes.

他刚交卷就意识到出错了。

2. so / such...that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构成部分倒装句，表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。

写成So+adj. /adv. ...that...；Such+(a/an+) adj. +n. ...that...

她长得非常漂亮，能吸引所有人的目光。

She looks so gorgeous that she can catch the eyes of everyone.

⬇倒装

So gorgeous does she look that she can catch the eyes of everyone.

 

他有一本如此有趣的书, 以至于我们都想读。

He has such an interesting book that we all want to read it.

⬇倒装

Such an interesting book does he have that we all want to read it.

前面状语从句部分说过，出现形容词和副词的地方都可以写成 so... that... 句型。也就是说，只要出现形容词或副词的地方都能出现该倒装句型。

3. only +状语或状语从句置于句首，被该状语修饰的句子用部分倒装。

例：只有采取这些措施才能解决问题。

The problem could be resolved only by taking these actions.

⬇倒装

Only by taking these actions could the problem be resolved.

 

(1) 如果谓语部分无助动词, 则需找助动词来“帮助” 构成倒装句。

在战后他才得知那个不幸的消息。

Only after the war did he learn the sad news.

 

(2) only 修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装, 主句倒装。

当他回来的时候，我们才查明了真相。

Only when he returned did we find out the truth.

 

该倒装可以在第三段尾句喊口号的时候使用。

练习：

只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。

点击空白处查看答案

▼

Only in this way can you solve this problem.

4. as/though 引导让步状语从句，从句的表语放在句首时，用形式倒装（只把强调的内容提至句首, 主谓并不倒装。结构为表语 + as/though + 主谓）。

(1) 形容词或副词+as+主语+连系动词be或实义动词。

 

Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.

尽管很累，他还是继续工作。

Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely.

我虽然佩服他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不聪明的。

 

(2) 名词+as+主语+连系动词be (注意句首的名词不带冠词)。

 

Child as he is, he knows a lot.

尽管他是个孩子，但懂很多事情。

 

(3) 实义动词+as+主语+助动词

 

Try as he might, he never succeeds.

尽管他很努力，但总是不成功。

Change your mind as /though you do, you will get no help from us.

即使你改变主意, 你也得不到我们的帮助。

 

▲注意：行为动词前置时, 从句主语后面要用 may, might, can,could, will, would 等情态动词, 若没有情态动词, 则需加上一个 do(does 或 did) 。若前置的行为动词是及物动词, 则其宾语也随其后一并提前。

好了，今天讲了很多，大家要好好消化哟！